Interacting with law enforcement

Interacting with law enforcement can be tricky for anyone, but it can be especially challenging for autistic adults.

Many officers and first responders haven't received training on how to recognise and interact with people on the autism spectrum. 

Understanding the challenges

Autistic individuals may face extra scrutiny from law enforcement and security personnel in places like airports, government buildings, schools/universities, secured facilities, drive-up or walk-up shops, building entrances, campuses, shopping centres, and more. Given today's heightened security measures, these interactions can happen anywhere, so being prepared is essential.

Autistic adults might face specific challenges during these encounters:

• Difficulty recognising danger
• Fear of police
• Avoiding eye contact
• Delayed speech or trouble with language
• Difficulty understanding or responding to verbal commands
• Repetitive behaviours like rocking, stimming, or hand flapping
• Fight or flight reactions
• Epilepsy or seizures
• Attraction to shiny objects like badges, handcuffs, or weapons

Should you disclose your autism?

Deciding whether to tell a police officer about your autism is a personal choice. While it can help officers understand your behaviour better, it might not always be necessary. In emergency situations, disclosing your autism might help officers understand your actions or reactions. In routine checks or minor interactions, it can prevent misunderstandings.

Having a plan for disclosing your autism can make a big difference. Consider carrying an information card that includes your diagnosis, contact information for a professional who can verify it, proof of your diagnosis, and any personal details that can help officers understand your needs.

Preparation is key. Discuss potential scenarios with trusted family members, friends, or advocates. Develop a clear, concise handout that explains your diagnosis and relevant details. Practice interactions with trusted individuals to build confidence and keep your disclosure handout flexible and updated.

Best practices during interactions

Whether it's an emergency or not, following these tips can help a safer interaction:

• ‍Don't run away: Running or making sudden movements can be seen as a threat. Stay still and calm to avoid escalating the situation.‍
• Avoid sudden movements: Keep your hands visible and avoid reaching for items or making gestures that could be seen as aggressive.‍
• Stay calm: It can be tough to stay calm in stressful situations, but it's important. Try deep breathing and focusing on staying still.‍
• Identify yourself early: As soon as it is safe to do so, identify yourself as autistic. This can help law enforcement and first responders adjust their approach to be more accommodating.‍
• Seek assistance: If you're a victim or reporting a crime, having a family member, advocate, or friend with you can help. Carry the phone number of an advocacy organisation or personal advocate just in case.‍
• Learn key phrases: Memorising a few key phrases can be helpful in stressful situations. Simple statements like "I am autistic," "I need help," or "I am sensitive to noise" can quickly inform responders of their condition.‍
• Use visual supports: Visual supports like communication cards or pictures can help convey important information if verbal communication is difficult.‍
• Wear identification: Wearing a sunflower lanyard or a medical ID bracelet/necklace that indicates your autism diagnosis can provide officers with immediate information. This card can include information about your communication preferences, sensory sensitivities, and emergency contacts.‍
• Request accommodations: Do not hesitate to ask for specific accommodations to make the interaction easier. This might include requesting a quieter space, asking for instructions to be given slowly, or requesting time to process information before responding.‍
• Get to know local law enforcement: If possible, attend community events or meetings to meet local officers in a non-stressful setting. This can help reduce anxiety during future encounters.‍
• Know your rights: Familiarise yourself with your legal rights in Australia. Understanding what you are entitled to can help you navigate the situation more confidently. Resources such as the Australian Human Rights Commission website can provide valuable information.

What parents and carers can do

Educating and preparing

• ‍Educate law enforcement and first responders: One of the most effective ways to support autistic individuals is to educate law enforcement and first responders about autism. ‍
• Create an emergency plan: Develop a detailed emergency plan that outlines specific steps to take in different scenarios. This plan should include contact information, a list of calming strategies, and any necessary medical information. Share this plan with local law enforcement and first responders.‍
• Role-play scenarios: Practising potential interactions through role-playing can help autistic individuals become more comfortable and prepared. Simulate various situations, such as traffic stops or medical emergencies, to build familiarity and reduce anxiety.‍
• Build relationships with local authorities: Establishing a relationship with local law enforcement and first responders can be beneficial. Invite them to community events or arrange meetings to discuss autism and how they can best support autistic individuals.‍
• Prepare a ‘Go Bag’: Have a bag ready with essentials such as noise-cancelling headphones, comfort items, and a copy of the emergency plan.‍
• Maintain updated records: Keep updated medical and behavioural records that can be shared with first responders to provide a clear understanding of the autistic individual's needs.‍
• Utilise technology: Consider using technology such as GPS trackers or communication apps that can assist in locating and communicating with the autistic individual during an emergency.

During an encounter

• ‍Advocate calmly: If you are present during an interaction, advocate calmly on behalf of the autistic individual. Clearly communicate their needs and any accommodations that can help. Remaining calm yourself can help de-escalate the situation.‍
• Use visual supports: Visual supports such as pictures or written instructions can be helpful during an encounter. These can aid communication and provide a clear way for the autistic individual to express their needs.‍
• Stay informed: Keep up-to-date with any changes in laws or procedures that may affect how law enforcement and first responders interact with autistic individuals. This can help you advocate more effectively.

By taking these proactive steps, we can help interactions with law enforcement and first responders are as positive and productive as possible for autistic individuals. Through education, preparation, and community engagement, we can create a safer and more inclusive society.