Men's health and autism

Men and women face different health challenges, with some issues particularly affecting men and needing special attention. 

Key health concerns for men include heart disease, high cholesterol, depression, diabetes, and prostate cancer. Men on the autism spectrum who deal with these health issues might experience them differently and may need personalised strategies to manage them effectively.

Heart disease

Heart disease is a significant health issue for men and often starts at a younger age than in women. This includes conditions like coronary artery disease, heart attacks, and heart failure. Regular heart health checks are important, and men over 45 (or over 35 for Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander men) should have these checks at least once every two years. These usually involve questions about your lifestyle and family history, blood pressure monitoring, and possibly a cholesterol test.

Risk factors

Several factors increase the risk of heart disease in men, such as high blood pressure, smoking, and carrying extra weight around the middle. Men also tend to be less physically active, which can contribute to heart problems.

Regular physical activity is essential to maintaining heart health. Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins also helps. Not smoking is crucial to lowering heart disease risk, and regular check-ups to monitor blood pressure and cholesterol are necessary.

While there’s no research suggesting that heart conditions affect autistic men differently, they might face unique challenges in recognising or managing their heart health. Sensory sensitivities can make exercise or regular check-ups uncomfortable, and changing routines for medical appointments can cause significant stress. To manage these issues, look for sensory-friendly environments for exercise and healthcare visits. Keeping a consistent routine and preparing for changes in advance can also reduce stress. Using visual aids or written instructions can help with clear communication during healthcare visits.

High cholesterol

Cholesterol is a fatty substance that’s necessary in small amounts, but too much can lead to serious health problems like heart disease. Due to dietary habits, genetics, and lifestyle choices, high cholesterol is particularly concerning for men.

Men often consume more unhealthy fats, contributing to high cholesterol levels. Some men are also genetically predisposed to high cholesterol, making them more vulnerable. Additionally, smoking and lack of physical activity, which are more common among men, can raise cholesterol levels.

To manage cholesterol effectively, men should focus on eating more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Autistic men might have restrictive diets and strict routines that affect cholesterol levels. Slowly introducing healthier foods that fit their sensory preferences can improve their diet. Staying active and avoiding smoking are also important. Developing a structured exercise routine that fits comfortably into daily schedules can be very helpful.

Medication might be necessary to manage high cholesterol, and this should always be done under the guidance of your doctor. Working with healthcare providers who understand autism and have experience with autistic patients can be particularly beneficial.

Depression

Depression affects men and women differently, with men often being less likely to seek help due to societal expectations. Recognising and addressing depression in men is important for overall wellbeing.

Men might show irritability or anger instead of sadness when they’re depressed. Increased alcohol or drug use, reckless behaviour, or other risky activities can also be signs of depression. Men might withdraw socially and lose interest in hobbies or work, which are also indicators.

Encouraging open discussions about mental health with friends or family can help men feel more comfortable seeking help. Professional help, through therapy or medication, might be needed, and support from loved ones is also vital in managing depression.

Autistic men might face additional challenges with depression due to social isolation, communication difficulties, and sensitivity to medications. Encouraging participation in social groups or activities can help provide social support. It’s important to find therapists with experience working with autistic patients to make therapy more accessible. Using non-verbal ways to communicate, like writing or drawing, can also help express feelings.

Prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. It occurs in the prostate, a small gland that produces seminal fluid.

The risk of prostate cancer increases with age, especially after 50. Having a family history of prostate cancer also increases the risk. Symptoms can include difficulty urinating, decreased urine stream, and blood in the urine or semen. Pain in the back, hips, or pelvis can indicate advanced stages of the cancer.

Screening blood tests for prostate specific antigen (PSA) are sometimes recommended, but discuss this with your doctor about whether this is a good option in your situation. Treatment options vary depending on the stage and severity of the cancer and may include monitoring, surgery, radiation therapy, or hormone therapy.

For autistic men, sensory sensitivities, communication challenges, and unfamiliar environments can make prostate cancer screening or treatment more difficult. To help create a more calming experience, it’s important to communicate your sensory needs and ask your healthcare provider to explain the procedure. Writing down questions or symptoms before your appointment can also help ensure clear communication.

Diabetes

Diabetes is a significant health issue that can lead to serious complications if not managed properly. To test for diabetes, a fasting blood sugar test is recommended every one to three years, depending on your risk level.

Managing diabetes effectively involves regularly checking and managing blood sugar levels, being mindful of sugar and carb intake, and engaging in regular physical activity. Medication might be needed to manage high cholesterol levels, and this should always be done in consultation with your doctor.

For autistic men, managing diabetes can be especially challenging due to sensory sensitivities, strict routines, and difficulties understanding diet and exercise needs. Creating meal plans that suit sensory preferences can help manage diet. Establishing a comfortable and consistent exercise routine is also beneficial. It is important to work with healthcare providers who understand autism and can offer tailored advice.

Regular screening and testing

Regular health screenings are vital for the early detection and prevention of serious health issues. Key screenings for men include heart checks, blood pressure checks, cholesterol tests and diabetes screenings.

Autistic men might find it challenging to schedule regular screenings and health checks, often needing reminders or assistance from family or friends. Some may experience anxiety and sensory issues during medical procedures, making it difficult to communicate their needs. It’s important to talk to your healthcare provider about any sensory accommodations you need, like a quiet room, noise-cancelling headphones, or visual aids to explain the procedure.